![]() ![]() ![]() 3 Over time, as popularity grew for the procedure, partial excision continued to be considered the safest and best method for excision. 2 Credit for the first complete tonsillectomy is given to Celsus in the 1st century AD. 1 Historically, tonsil surgery was limited to partial excision for fear of removing healthy tissue. Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are among the most common surgical procedures in the United States and around the world. Though routine procedures, the execution of tonsil and/or adenoid removal requires a thorough understanding of the anatomy of these lymphoepithelial organs so as to minimize the risk for rare serious complications that can occur. When medical management fails, tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy may be indicated for patient care. While the pathophysiology of these conditions is still incompletely understood, current evidence and future investigations may reveal patterns amenable to targeted medical management. Aberrant immune activation and/or regulation can lead to a myriad of pathologies, with adenotonsillar hypertrophy, chronic tonsillitis/adenoiditis, and recurrent otitis media among the most commonly encountered conditions by otolaryngologists. As part of the mucosal immune system, these structures function in exogenous antigen sampling and stimulation of immune responses. The pharyngeal and palatine tonsils are compact yet physiologically complex mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues that make up a portion of Waldeyer's ring. ![]()
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